Dear Guruji,
Nityananda Gauranga Hare Krishna! Jaya Guru Parampara! My humble pranams!
To append to what you said, I have found the quote from the Tattva Sandarbha by Jiva Gosvami. Thank you so much for having cleared up those nagging knots.
" 16) skande
vyasacittasthitakasad avacchinnani kanicit /
anye vyavaharanty etany urikrtya grhad iva // iti /
tathaiva drstam shrivisnupurane parasaravakyam
tato 'tra matsuto vyasah astavimsatime 'ntare /
vedam ekam catuspadam caturdha vyabhajat prabhuh //
yathatra tena vai vyasta vedavyasena dhimata /
vedas tatha samastais tair vyasair anyais tatha maya //
tad anenaiva vyasanam sakhabhedan dvijottama /
caturyugesu racitan samastesv avadharaya //
krishnadvaipayanam vyasam viddhi narayanam prabhum / ko 'nyo hi bhuvi maitreya mahabharatakrd bhavet // iti /
skanda eva
narayanad vinispannam jnanam krtayuge sthitam /
kincit tad anyatha jatam tretayam dvapare 'khilam //
gautamasya rseh sapaj jnane tv ajnanatam gate /
sankirnabuddhayo deva brahmarudrapurahsarah //
saranyam saranam jagmur narayanam anamayam /
tair vijnapitakaryas tu bhagavan purusottamah //
avatirno mahayogi satyavatyam parasarat /
utsannan bhagavan vedan ujjahara harih svayam // iti /
vedasabdenatra puranadidvayam api grhyate / tad evam itihasa-
puranavicara eva sreyan iti siddham / tatrapi puranasyaiva
garima drsyate / uktam hi naradiye
vedarthad adhikam manye puranartham varanane /
vedah pratisthitah sarve purane natra samsayah //
puranam anyatha krtva tiryagyonim avapnuyat /
sudanto 'pi susanto 'pi na gatim kvacid apnuyat // iti /
16) As stated in the Skanda Purana: " Others have borrowed bits and pieces from the ethereal realm of Vyasa's mind for their own use, just as one would remove objects from a house and use them.
The same idea is found in the Vishnu Purana, in the words of Vyasa's father, Parasara: "Then, in this twenty-eighth Manvantara, my son, the Lord Vyasa, took the one Veda, consisting of four parts, and divided it into four. All the other 'Vyasas', and myself as well; also arrange the Vedas just as the wise Vedavyasa had arranged them. Therefore, know for certain that the different branches of the 'Vyasas'in the four yugas were created for this reason alone. O Maitreya, know that Krishnadvapayana (Vyasa) is the Lord Narayana Himself; for who on earth but He could have composed the Mabharata?" (Vi. P. 3/4/2-5)
And in the Skanda Purana: "In the Krta Yuga, the knowledge which had issued forth from Narayana remained intact. It became somewhat distorted in the Treta Yuga, and completely so in the Dvapara Yuga. When, due to the curse of the sage Gautama, know- ledge turned into ignorance, the bewildered demigods led by Brahma and Rudra, sought shelter with the benignant, refuge- giving Narayana, and informed Bhagavan Purusottama of their purpose in coming. And the great Yogin, the Lord Hari Himself, descended, taking birth as the son of Satyavati and Parasara, and rescued the fallen Vedas." The word "Vedas" in the preceding verse indicates both Itihasa and Puranas as well. It is thus established that the study of Itihasa and Puranas alone leads to the highest good. And of these, it is the importance of Puranas alone which is seen; for it is stated in the Narada Purana: "O Fair One (Parvati), I consider the significance of the Puranas to outweigh that even of the Vedas. The Vedas all find a firm resting place in the Puranas-about this there is no doubt. He who looks down on the Puranas will take birth in the womb of an animal, and even if well-behaved and peaceful, will find no refuge anywhere."
17) skandaprabhasakhande
vedavan niscalam manye puranartham dvijottamah /
vedah pratisthitah sarve purane natra samsayah // bibhety alpasrutad vedo mam ayam calayisyati /
itihasapuranais tu niscalo 'yam krtah pura //
yan na drstam hi vedasu tad drstam smrtisu dvijah /
ubhayor yan na drstam hi tat puranaih pragiyate //
yo veda caturo vedan sangopanisado dvijah /
puranam naiva janati na ca sa syad vicaksanah //
atha purananam evam pramanye sthite 'pi tesam api samastyena-
pracaradrupatvan nanadevatapratipadakaprayatvad arvacinaih
ksudrabuddhibhir artho duradhigama iti tadavastha eva sam-
sayah/ yad uktam matsye
pancangam ca puranam syad akhyanam itarat smrtam /
sattvikesu ca kalpesu mahatmyam adhikam hareh //
rajasesu ca mahatmyam adhikam brahmano viduh /
tadvad agnes ca mahatmyam tamasesu sivasya ca /
sankirnesu sarasvatyah pitrnam ca nigadyate // iti /
atragnes tattadagnau pratipadyasya tattadyajnasyetyarthah /
sivasya ceti cakarac chivayas ca / sankirnesu sattvarajastamo-
mayesu kalpesu bahusu / sarasvatyah nanavanyatmakatad-
upalaksitaya nanadevataya ityarthah / pitrnam karmana pitr-
lokah iti srutes tatprapakakarmanam ityarthah //
17) As stated in the Prabhasa Khanda of the Skanda Purana: "O Best of the Twice-born, I consider the significance of the Puranas to be unchanging, like that of the Vedas. The Vedas all find a firm resting place in the Puranas-about this there is no doubt. The Veda is afraid of those of little knowledge, thinking 'They will twist my meaning'; and so the meaning of the Veda was fixed in ancient times by means of Itihasa and Puranas. For what is not found in the Vedas, O Twice-born, is found in Smrti; and what is not found in either, is related in the Puranas. He who know the four Vedas, together with the Vedangas and Upanisads, without knowing the Puranas, is not to be thought of as wise." (Sk.P.2/90-93)
But now, even though the authoritative nature of Puranas has been thus established, the same doubt still remains i-e. Since the Puranas are also not avaible in their entirety, and since they are chiefly concerned with establishing the superiority of various deities, their meaning is also difficult to comprehend for modern man of meagre intelligence. As stated in the Matsya Purana:"A Purana should consist of five parts, as apposed to an Akhyana. The glory of Hari is greater in sattvika scripture; the glory of Brahma is greater in rajasika scriptures; and that of Agni and Siva greater in tamasika scriptures. In mixed scriptures the glory of Sarasvati and the pitrs is said to be greater." (Ma.P. 190/13-14)
The name "Agni" in the preceding verse refers to the various yajnas which are offered in the different fires. The conjunction ca in the phrase sivasya ca indicates that Siva's consort, Parvati is also meant. The term "mixed kalpas" refers to the many scriptures composed of sattva, rajas, and tamas. "Sarasvati" refers to various deities indicated by Sarasvati, who is the embodiment of various words. And the pitrs refers to the sacrificial acts which lead to the attainment of the world of the forefathersm, as declared in Sruti :"Through karman one attains Pitrloka." (Br.U.1/5/16)
18) tad evam sati tattatkalpakathamayatvenaiva matsya eva
prasiddhanam tattatpurananam vyavastha jnapita taratamyam
tu katham syat yenetaranirnayah kriyeta / sattvaditaratamye-
naiveti cet sattvat samjayate jnanam iti sattvam yad brahma-
darsanam iti nyayat sattvikam eva puranadikam paramartha-
jnanaya prabalam ity ayatam/ tathapi paramarthe 'pi nana-
bhangya vipratipadyamananam samadhanaya kim syat / yadi
sarvasyapi vedasya puranasya carthanirnayaya tenaiva shribhaga-
vata vyasena brahmasutram krtam tadavalokanenaiva sarvo
'rtho nirneya ity ucyate tarhi nanyasutrakaramunyanugatair
manyeta / kincatyantagudharthanam alpaksaranam tatsutra-
nam anyarthatvam kascid acaksita tatah katarad ivatra sama-
dhanam / tad eva samadheyam yady ekatamam eva purana-
laksanam apauruseyam sastram sarvavedetihasapurananam
arthasaram brahmasutropajivyam ca bhavad bhuvi sampurnam
pracaradrupam syat/ satyam uktam yata eva ca sarvapramana-
nam cakravartibhutam asmadabhimatam shrimadbhabavatam
evodbhavitam bhavata //
18) This being the case, the categories into which the various well-known Puranas fall are described in the Matsya Purana itself, based solely on stories concerning the different kalpas; but what means can be adopted by which the relative importance of these Puranas can be determined ? If we base our decision on the relative importance of the three gunas, sattva,rajas and tamas, then, on the strength of such statements as "From sattva comes knowledge" (Bh. G. 14/17) and "Sattva is the basis for the realization of brahman", we will have to conclude that only sattvika Puranas etc. are capable of leading us to the highest truth.
But then (it might be asked), how can you reconcile the diver- gent views which are propounded by means of various specious arguments with regard even to the highest truth? If you propose that the entire significance can be determined merely by studyin the Brahmasutra, composed by the Lord Vyasa himself in order to fix the meaning of all the Vedas and Puranas, the followers of the other sages who wrote sutra texts will not accept your proposal. Furthermore, someone might interpret the significance of these cryptic and terse sutras in a distorted manner; how then can one know which one represents the correct interpretation? This issue could be settled once and for all if only you could point to one among the many scriptures, which exhibits the characteristics of a Purana, is divinely composed, represents the essence of all the Vedas, Itihasa, and Puranas, is based on the Brahmasutra, and is available throughout the land in its complete form.
Well said! (we reply), for you have just described the very Bhagavata Purana which we consider to be the sovereign ruler of all
pramanas."
Sincerely,
Srinath
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